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How Does AI Trust Foster Innovative Performance Under Paternalistic Leadership? The Roles of AI Crafting and Leader's
Qichao Zhang1, Feiwen Wang1, Ganli Liao1
1Business School, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 102206, China.
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Leadership significantly impacts employee innovation in AI-driven workplaces. Paternalistic leadership and employee AI trust foster innovation through AI crafting, especially when leaders perceive high AI opportunities.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Behavior
- Artificial Intelligence
- Innovation Management
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in organizations necessitates understanding leadership's role in employee adoption and innovation.
- Trait Activation Theory provides a framework for examining how individual traits and situational factors influence behavior in AI contexts.
- Existing research lacks clarity on the specific leadership styles and cognitive factors that promote employee innovation in AI-intensive environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and test a theoretical model examining the influence of leadership on employee responses to AI, specifically focusing on innovative performance.
- To investigate the mediating role of AI crafting and the moderating effects of paternalistic leadership and leader AI opportunity perception.
- To extend Trait Activation Theory to AI-enabled workplaces and provide practical leadership development insights.
Main Methods:
- A three-wave survey research design was employed.
- Data were collected from 523 employees across 14 AI-intensive manufacturing firms in China.
- Statistical analyses were used to test the proposed theoretical model, including mediation and moderation effects.
Main Results:
- Employee AI trust positively influences innovative performance through AI crafting.
- Paternalistic leadership moderates the relationship between AI trust and AI crafting/innovative performance.
- Leader's AI opportunity perception further moderates this relationship, amplifying the positive effects when perception is high.
Conclusions:
- AI trust, paternalistic leadership, and leader AI opportunity perception collectively foster employee innovative performance in AI-intensive settings.
- AI crafting serves as a key mechanism through which leadership influences innovation.
- Findings offer practical guidance for leadership development aimed at maximizing innovation in the era of AI.
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