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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Spatial Profiling of Protein and RNA Expression in Tissue: An Approach to Fine-Tune Virtual Microdissection

Spatial Profiling of Protein and RNA Expression in Tissue: An Approach to Fine-Tune Virtual Microdissection

Published on: July 6, 2022

Spatial Transcriptomics Decodes Breast Cancer Microenvironment Heterogeneity: From Multidimensional Dynamic Profiling

Aolong Ma¹, Lingyan Xiang¹, Jingping Yuan¹

¹Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.

|August 28, 2025

Summary

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) decodes breast cancer heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment (TME). This technology reveals cellular interactions and predicts treatment responses, paving the way for precision oncology.

Keywords:

breast cancer heterogeneity progression and metastasis spatial transcriptomics therapy tumor microenvironment

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Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material

Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material

Published on: August 1, 2018

Area of Science:

Oncology
Genomics
Biotechnology

Background:

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) complicating treatment.
Spatial transcriptomics (ST) analyzes gene expression within tissue architecture, offering insights into tumor complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the applications of ST in breast cancer research.
To explore ST's role in understanding tumor heterogeneity, TME, progression, metastasis, and treatment response.
To discuss ST's potential in bridging molecular data with clinical applications for precision therapy.

Main Methods:

Summarizing technological advancements in ST, including imaging-based and sequencing-based approaches.
Reviewing ST applications in breast cancer research.

Main Results:

ST resolves spatial heterogeneity across diverse breast cancer subtypes.
ST elucidates interactions within the TME, uncovering mechanisms of immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, and resistance.
ST identifies spatial markers for prognosis and predicts responses to various therapies.

Conclusions:

ST is a powerful tool for dissecting breast cancer complexity and TME.
ST integrates multi-omics data, guiding precision oncology and personalized treatment strategies.
ST advances breast cancer research and therapeutic development.