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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global health challenge.
  • Repurposing existing compounds is a key strategy alongside new drug discovery.
  • Standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods (MIC, MBC) face limitations with certain compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare reference methods for evaluating diverse antimicrobial compounds.
  • To demonstrate the necessity of combining susceptibility tests for effective preclinical screening.
  • To address limitations of standard methods with unique physico-chemical characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Tested natural extracts, nanocomposites, ionic liquids, ozonated oils, and antibiotics.
  • Employed broth microdilution, disk diffusion, and agar dilution methods.
  • Followed EUCAST and CLSI guidelines for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant outcome variability based on the testing method used.
  • Substances with high viscosity, poor solubility, or specific interactions showed method-dependent results.
  • Single standard methods often failed to accurately reflect true antimicrobial activity.

Conclusions:

  • A combined methodological approach is essential to overcome individual technique limitations.
  • Integrating multiple reference methods provides a more accurate screening strategy.
  • This approach aids in identifying and characterizing novel and repurposed antimicrobials effectively.