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The Mechanism of Steroid Hormones in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Signaling to Clinical Application

Yao Wang1, Ying Zhou2, Yao Yao1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.

Biomedicines
|August 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Steroid hormones significantly impact non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. Targeting hormone receptors offers potential for novel NSCLC combination therapies, particularly with immunotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Steroid hormones are implicated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression via genomic and non-genomic mechanisms.
  • Key steroid hormone receptors (estrogen, progesterone, androgen, glucocorticoid) are expressed in NSCLC, influencing tumor behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expression, molecular functions, and therapeutic implications of steroid hormone receptors in NSCLC.
  • To explore the potential of hormone-targeted therapies and their interactions with existing treatments like immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on steroid hormone receptors in NSCLC.
  • Analysis of expression profiles, functional roles, and clinical significance of these receptors.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies involving hormone modulation and combination treatments.

Main Results:

  • Estrogen and progesterone receptors show gender-specific prognostic value in NSCLC.
  • Glucocorticoid receptors affect NSCLC tumor growth and modulate immune responses.
  • Hormone signaling crosstalks with oncogenic pathways (e.g., EGFR) and immune checkpoints.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-estrogen therapies and glucocorticoids show promise as adjuncts to NSCLC treatments, including immunotherapy.
  • Targeting hormone-tumor-immune interactions presents opportunities for novel combination therapies in NSCLC.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in biomarker development, drug resistance, and glucocorticoid management for optimized interventions.
Keywords:
glucocorticoidshormone receptorsnon-small cell lung cancersteroid hormonestargeted therapy

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