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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Microscale Vortex-assisted Electroporator for Sequential Molecular Delivery
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High-Throughput Microfluidic Electroporation (HTME): A Scalable, 384-Well Platform for Multiplexed Cell Engineering.

William R Gaillard1,2,3, Jess Sustarich1,2, Yuerong Li1,2,4

  • 1DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new High-Throughput Microfluidic Electroporation (HTME) platform accelerates synthetic biology by enabling rapid, individualized electroporation in hundreds of samples simultaneously. This technology reduces costs and time for genetic library screening and optimization.

Keywords:
automationelectroporationhigh-throughputmicrofluidicself-driving labstrain engineeringsynthetic biologytransfectiontransformation

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Electroporation is key for gene delivery in synthetic biology but faces scalability and tunability challenges in multiplexed workflows.
  • Current methods are costly and time-consuming for screening genetic libraries and optimizing experimental parameters.
  • Limitations hinder rapid Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) cycles in synthetic biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a High-Throughput Microfluidic Electroporation (HTME) platform to overcome limitations in current electroporation techniques.
  • To enable rapid, cost-effective, and scalable gene delivery for synthetic biology applications.
  • To facilitate the optimization of electroporation parameters and accelerate DBTL cycles.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a High-Throughput Microfluidic Electroporation (HTME) platform featuring a 384-well electroporation plate (E-Plate) and control electronics.
  • Utilized cost-effective printed-circuit-board (PCB) technology for E-Plate fabrication, enabling nano to microliter volumes.
  • Implemented individual well control for rapid optimization and integration into automated workflows.

Main Results:

  • The HTME platform can electroporate all 384 wells in under a minute with individual control.
  • Demonstrated successful transformation of E. coli with pUC19, achieving >99% well success rate for single colony forming units.
  • Validated the platform's capability for rapid, customizable electroporations across hundreds of conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The HTME platform significantly reduces time and cost associated with gene delivery in synthetic biology.
  • This technology addresses the bottleneck in transformation/transfection, accelerating DBTL cycles.
  • The HTME platform offers a scalable and tunable solution for high-throughput genetic engineering.