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A Comprehensive Review of the Latest Approaches to Managing Hypercholesterolemia: A Comparative Analysis of

Ema-Teodora Nițu1,2,3, Narcisa Jianu1,3, Cristina Merlan1,3

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This review covers hyperlipidemia management, focusing on traditional treatments like statins and their limitations. It emphasizes risk assessment and guideline-based interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypercholesterolemia is a key modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
  • Effective management of hyperlipidemia is crucial for global public health.
  • Conventional therapies have limitations in achieving optimal lipid goals for all patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of hyperlipidemia management.
  • To detail epidemiological trends, pathophysiology, and limitations of current therapies.
  • To discuss risk assessment, stratification, and guideline-based interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review based on a structured literature search.
  • Searches conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.
  • Inclusion of studies published up to June 2025.

Main Results:

  • Overview of dyslipidemia mechanisms and traditional lipid-lowering agents (statins, ezetimibe).
  • Discussion of cardiovascular risk assessment tools and guideline recommendations.
  • Exploration of non-pharmacological strategies, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmacogenetics.

Conclusions:

  • Current lipid management strategies require nuanced understanding of mechanisms and limitations.
  • Evidence-based insights are essential for optimizing treatment and reducing cardiovascular risk.
  • This review sets the stage for understanding novel pharmacological approaches.

Keywords:
cardiovascular risk reductionemerging therapies for dyslipidemiaezetimibehypercholesterolemialipid-lowering therapiesstatins

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