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Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Related Experiment Video

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Virtual Reality-Based Screening Tool for Distance Horizontal Fusional Vergence in Orthotropic Young Subjects: A

Jhih-Yi Lu1, Yin-Cheng Liu2, Jui-Bang Lu2

  • 1Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a virtual reality tool to measure fusional vergence. The VR tool efficiently screens for vergence issues, showing promise for widespread use in eye care.

Keywords:
negative fusional vergencepositive fusional vergencescreening tooltotal vergence amplitudevirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Fusional vergence amplitude is crucial for binocular vision.
  • Current screening methods can be time-consuming and lack standardization.
  • Virtual reality (VR) offers a novel platform for objective visual assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a VR-based tool for assessing distance fusional vergence amplitude.
  • To measure vergence amplitudes and deviations using a gamified VR approach.
  • To determine the feasibility of VR for standardized, large-scale screening of fusional vergence.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective pilot study involving 19 healthy young adults (18-30 years).
  • A VR balloon-hitting game was employed, measuring deviation angles and vergence amplitudes under five conditions (0, 10, 20 PD for PFV and NFV).
  • Data analysis compared deviations and amplitudes across different prism diopter (PD) conditions.

Main Results:

  • The VR tool demonstrated significant differences in deviations for negative fusional vergence (NFV) conditions (p < 0.01).
  • Positive fusional vergence (PFV) 20 PD showed a significant increase in deviation (p = 0.04).
  • Total vergence amplitudes varied across conditions, with PFV 20 PD yielding the highest (16.48 PD).

Conclusions:

  • The VR-based tool provides a standardized and efficient method for assessing fusional vergence amplitude.
  • The technology shows significant potential for application in large-scale screening programs for binocular vision disorders.
  • Further research can refine the VR tool for broader clinical use.