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Delivery of Modified mRNA in a Myocardial Infarction Mouse Model
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Translational Control in Cardiac Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Development: When mRNA Meets the Heart.

Uday K Baliga1, Liuqing Yang1, Aleksandr Ivanov1

  • 1Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14586, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Understanding translational control in heart disease is crucial. This review highlights its role in cardiac function, disease, and potential RNA-based therapies for heart conditions.

Keywords:
RNA therapeuticsRNA-binding proteincardiac regenerationcardiomyocytecongenital heart diseasefibroblastfibrosisheart failurehypertrophymRNA translation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Gene Expression Regulation

Background:

  • Cardiac research has focused on transcription, neglecting translational control.
  • Key knowledge gaps exist in the pathophysiological impact, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of translational control in heart disease.
  • Translational control, the synthesis of proteins from mRNA, is vital for cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on translational control in cardiac health and disease.
  • To summarize physiological functions, disease pathogenesis, and biochemical mechanisms.
  • To explore potential RNA-based, translation-manipulating drugs for heart conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to techniques for studying translational regulation in the heart.
  • Summary of discoveries in translational control functions and mechanisms.
  • Focus on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis as key examples.

Main Results:

  • Translational factors regulate protein production, impacting cardiac remodeling under stress.
  • Specific regulatory factors and their alterations contribute to heart disease etiology.
  • Translational control interacts with transcriptional regulation, metabolism, and sarcomere homeostasis.
  • Role in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration identified.

Conclusions:

  • Transcript-specific translational regulation of proteins occurs in heart disease.
  • Target-selective translation inhibitors and enhancers offer novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Development of RNA-based drugs for heart disease treatment is a promising avenue.