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Genotype-by-Environment Interaction in Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.): Implications for Genetic Parameters and Trait
Tran Huu Phuc1, Pham Dang Khoa1, Nguyen Thi Dang1
1Research Institute for Aquaculture No.2, 116 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam.
Genes
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Understanding genetic changes in red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) is crucial for aquaculture. This study reveals significant genotype-by-environment interactions affecting growth, quality, and survival, necessitating tailored breeding programs for optimal fish farming.
Area of Science:
- Aquaculture genetics
- Animal breeding
- Fish farming
Background:
- Intensive aquaculture of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) can alter genetic parameters for key traits.
- Understanding these changes is vital for sustainable production and genetic improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate genetic parameters and selection responses for growth, quality, and survival traits in red tilapia.
- To assess the impact of genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions in freshwater and saltwater ponds.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 75,950 red tilapia across 970 full-sib families.
- Utilized a multi-trait mixed model to estimate genetic parameters and selection responses.
- Evaluated fish in distinct freshwater and saltwater pond environments.
Main Results:
- Genetic variance for quality and survival traits differed between environments.
- Significant G × E interactions were observed, particularly for quality and survival traits (r_g = 0.57-0.83).
- Genetic correlations among traits were similar across environments, but GxE interactions caused divergence.
Conclusions:
- Incorporating G × E interactions is essential for red tilapia breeding programs, especially for quality and survival traits.
- Breeding strategies should consider specific culture environments or develop environment-specific programs.
- Continuous assessment of genetic performance across environments is recommended to optimize breeding.
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