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Strength and Heat of Hydration

Strength and Heat of Hydration

The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...

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Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)

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Research Progress on Ultrahigh-Temperature Ceramics Modified C/C Composites.

Ruize Gao¹, Shuibin Wang¹, Tianci Zhou¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 28, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Carbon/carbon composites modified with ultrahigh-temperature ceramics (C/C-UHTCs) enhance oxidation and ablation resistance for high-temperature applications. This review covers their preparation, properties, and future directions in aerospace materials.

Keywords:

C/C composites CMCs ablation resistance oxidation resistance ultrahigh-temperature ceramics

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Ceramic Engineering
Aerospace Engineering

Background:

Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites offer excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, making them vital for demanding applications.
However, their poor oxidation and ablation resistance in oxygen-rich environments limits widespread use.
Ultrahigh-temperature ceramics (UHTCs)-modified C/C composites (C/C-UHTCs) present a promising solution to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in C/C-UHTCs composites.
To explore their application prospects, performance testing, and preparation techniques.
To discuss oxidation/ablation mechanisms, challenges, and future research directions.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on C/C-UHTCs composites.
Analysis of preparation techniques, phase composition, and microstructural characteristics.
Examination of oxidation and ablation mechanisms and performance testing methods.

Main Results:

C/C-UHTCs composites show significantly improved oxidation and ablation resistance compared to traditional C/C composites.
Various preparation methods and structural designs influence the composite's performance.
Understanding oxidation/ablation mechanisms is crucial for material development.

Conclusions:

C/C-UHTCs composites are a key material for high-temperature structural applications, especially in aerospace.
Further research is needed to address current challenges and optimize performance.
Continued development will enhance their reliability and expand their application scope.