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Published on: June 10, 2025
213
Heart Failure in Poland: A 20-Year Epidemiological Perspective
Michał Bohdan1, Anna Kowalczys1, Jadwiga Nessler2,3
1First Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17 Str, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Heart failure (HF) in Poland shows increasing prevalence, hospitalizations, and mortality. This public health issue is marked by a growing burden of multimorbidity and limited access to cardiac rehabilitation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in Poland.
- Heart failure (HF) represents a significant and growing public health concern within the country.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in heart failure (HF) incidence, hospitalization rates, patient demographics, and mortality in Poland over two decades.
- To assess the prevalence, comorbidities, mortality trends, and access to rehabilitation for HF patients.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of two national reports on heart failure (HF) covering 2004-2012 and 2014-2021.
- Utilized data from the Polish Ministry of Health, National Health Fund, and HTA Consulting, examining HF prevalence (ICD-10 codes I50, J81).
Main Results:
- HF patient numbers increased by 34% (to 1.02 million in 2019), with 9% under 60 years old.
- HF-related mortality rose significantly, and hospitalizations increased by 41% from 2014 to 2019.
- The economic burden of HF care surged by 117%, with hospitalizations comprising 94% of costs by 2020.
Conclusions:
- Heart failure (HF) prevalence, hospitalization rates, and mortality are increasing in Poland.
- A rising burden of multimorbidity, including hypertension and arrhythmias, complicates HF management.
- Limited access to cardiac rehabilitation persists, necessitating improved healthcare planning to mitigate HF's impact.
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