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Emerging Frontiers in GLP-1 Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Evidence Base (2025)

Shikha Patel1, Sarfaraz K Niazi2

  • 1mAbtide Scientific Communications, Ahmedabad 380001, India.

Pharmaceutics
|August 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are now multi-system therapies. They offer benefits beyond glucose control, impacting cardiovascular health, obesity, and emerging conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Endocrinology
  • Metabolic and Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) initially developed for glucose lowering.
  • GLP-1 RAs have demonstrated broad therapeutic potential across various organ systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action for GLP-1 RAs.
  • To synthesize evidence on established and emerging clinical applications of GLP-1 RAs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of major biomedical databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane) and clinical trial registries.
  • Inclusion of studies from inception through May 2025 using controlled vocabulary and free-text terms.

Main Results:

  • GLP-1 RAs exhibit pleiotropic cellular effects, including improved mitochondrial function and anti-inflammatory actions.
  • Established efficacy in diabetes (HbA1c reduction), obesity (weight loss), and cardiovascular disease (MACE reduction).
  • Emerging applications in neurology, dermatology, respiratory diseases, addiction, and autoimmune disorders.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1 RAs represent a significant therapeutic advancement.
  • These agents function as comprehensive metabolic modulators with multi-system impact.
Keywords:
GLP-1GLP-1 Receptor peptide Agonistscardiovascular diseaseobesitytype 2 diabetes mellitus

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