Exploring Methodologies from Isolation to Excystation for Giardia lamblia: A Systematic Review
Susie Sequeira1, Mariana Sousa1, Agostinho Cruz2
1ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
Microorganisms
|August 28, 2025
Summary
This review highlights the variability in methods for isolating and purifying Giardia lamblia, a key cause of diarrhea. Standardizing these techniques is crucial for reliable giardiasis research.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Parasitology
- Public Health
Background:
- Giardia lamblia causes giardiasis, a significant global cause of diarrhea.
- Effective investigation and management of G. lamblia require robust scientific methodologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review methodologies for studying the G. lamblia life cycle.
- Focus on isolation, purification, axenization, excystation, and encystation techniques.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
- Searches conducted in MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science.
- Inclusion of 43 studies detailing various G. lamblia life cycle methods.
Main Results:
- Identified 58 isolation/purification methods, 7 excystation, 2 axenization, and 5 encystation methods.
- Isolation and purification methods showed high variability, impacting comparability.
- Methods for other life cycle stages were more consistent.
Conclusions:
- Significant variability in G. lamblia isolation and purification methods hinders research reproducibility.
- Standardization of methodologies is essential for reliable giardiasis research outcomes.
