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Group A Streptococcal Invasive Infections Among Children in Cyprus
Maria Koliou1,2, Gavriella Ioannou Vassiliadou1, Athina Aristidou2
1Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2115, Cyprus.
Microorganisms
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections surged in Cyprus children, peaking December 2022-April 2023. The study highlights severe cases, including toxic shock and fatalities, emphasizing the need for surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- An international rise in invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections in children was noted late 2022-early 2023.
- iGAS infections can lead to severe complications and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of iGAS infections in children in Cyprus.
- To describe the trends and outcomes of iGAS infections during a specific period.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for pediatric patients (<16 years) with iGAS infection.
- Data collected from Archbishop Makarios Hospital, Cyprus, between January 2021 and June 2024.
Main Results:
- Twenty-two cases of iGAS infection were identified, with a peak incidence between December 2022 and April 2023.
- Half of the cases were in children aged 0-4 years. Complications included scarlet fever, pneumonia, empyema, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).
- The overall case fatality rate was 9.1%, with two deaths and one requiring ECMO. The predominant strain was *Emm* 1 (M1UK clone).
Conclusions:
- iGAS infections pose a significant threat to children, particularly the young.
- Timely diagnosis, effective management, and ongoing surveillance are crucial for controlling iGAS infections.
Keywords:
childreninvasive group A streptococcal infectionsscarlet feverstreptococcal toxic shock syndromeMore Related Videos
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