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Humulus lupulus (Hop)-Derived Chemical Compounds Present Antiproliferative Activity on Various Cancer Cell Types: A

Georgios Tsionkis1, Elisavet M Andronidou1, Panagiota I Kontou2

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece.

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|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hop compounds, particularly bitter acids like lupulone and xanthohumol, show significant antiproliferative effects against cancer cells. These natural compounds exhibit promising potential with low toxicity to healthy cells, supporting their use in cancer research.

Keywords:
Humulus lupulusanticancerantiproliferativehopmeta-analysismeta-regression

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • *Humulus lupulus* (hops) are recognized for bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antiproliferative properties.
  • *Hop-derived compounds* are increasingly investigated for their potential therapeutic applications beyond traditional uses.
  • This study systematically reviews and analyzes the anticancer effects of hop constituents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of hop compounds on the viability of various cancer cell lines.
  • To determine the most potent hop compounds and their effective concentrations.
  • To evaluate the selectivity of hop extracts against cancer cells versus non-cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Multivariate meta-analysis and meta-regression using IC50 values.
  • Comparison of assay types (SRB, tetrazolium, crystal violet) and exposure durations (24, 48, 72 h).

Main Results:

  • Xanthohumol (XN) and lupulone demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity, with lupulone being the most potent (IC50 = 5.00 μM at 72 h).
  • Assay types and exposure durations did not significantly impact the interchangeability of results.
  • Crude hop extracts showed selective antiproliferative effects on cancer cells compared to non-cancer cells.

Conclusions:

  • Hop compounds, especially bitter acids, possess potent antiproliferative activity against cancer cells.
  • The findings support the use of hop compounds as potential anticancer agents with favorable safety profiles.
  • Standard assay methods for evaluating antiproliferative effects are comparable, enabling robust data integration.