Description and Complications of a New Modified Semi-Closed Castration Technique in Horses

Marco Gandini ¹, Cristina Bertone ¹, Gessica Giusto ¹

⁰Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin,10095 Grugliasco, Italy.

Veterinary Sciences +

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August 28, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

A new modified semi-closed castration technique for equids significantly reduces postoperative complications like hemorrhage and infection. This innovative approach ensures faster recovery and superior surgical outcomes in horses, ponies, and donkeys.

Area Of Science

Veterinary Surgery
Equine Medicine

Background

Castration in equids frequently leads to complications such as hemorrhage, infection, and eventration.
Existing castration techniques present a trade-off between inspection capabilities and complication risks.

Purpose Of The Study

To introduce and evaluate a novel modified semi-closed castration technique in equids.
To assess the complication rates and recovery profiles associated with this new technique.

Main Methods

A retrospective study involving 85 sexually intact mature male equids (horses, ponies, donkeys).
Implementation of a modified semi-closed inguinal castration under general anesthesia, focusing on secure closure of the parietal vaginal tunic.
Postoperative monitoring and owner interviews for follow-up after a minimum of three months.

Main Results

No intraoperative complications were recorded.
A low postoperative complication rate of 2.35% (scrotal swelling, resolved with NSAIDs).
Zero instances of hemorrhage, pyrexia, or infection; all patients achieved primary intention healing and returned to normal activity within two days.

Conclusions

The modified semi-closed castration technique offers superior results with significantly reduced complication rates compared to traditional methods.
This technique effectively combines the benefits of direct inspection with the safety of closed procedures.
The study proposes refining castration technique classifications based on the vaginal tunic's status post-procedure for improved clarity.

Keywords:

castration equine semi-closed technique