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Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome in Young Piglets-A Longitudinal Study.

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Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome (SINS) shows two peaks in piglets, around day four and day 26. Early and late-week screenings are recommended for this welfare indicator.

Keywords:
animal welfareswine

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Welfare

Background:

  • Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome (SINS) is a prevalent, endogenous condition in piglets, impacting health and welfare.
  • Existing research indicates SINS prevalence in newborn, suckling, and weaned piglets, with suggested examination times in the first and fourth weeks of life.
  • Longitudinal data on individual piglet SINS progression has been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a longitudinal follow-up of individual piglet SINS development.
  • To analyze the progression patterns and correlations of SINS signs over time.
  • To refine recommendations for SINS screening timing to improve piglet welfare.

Main Methods:

  • 1080 SINS examinations were performed on 59 piglets from day 1 to 41 of life.
  • Examinations included clinical observations of bristle loss, swelling, redness, exudation, necrosis, and hemorrhage.
  • Data analysis focused on identifying progression patterns, correlations, and bimodal distribution of SINS signs.

Main Results:

  • SINS exhibited a bimodal progression, with two significant peaks observed around day four and day 26 of life.
  • A robust correlation was found between SINS signs in different body regions and body temperature.
  • Most second-peak SINS signs appeared before weaning; individual SINS course could not be predicted.

Conclusions:

  • Screening for SINS is recommended around days three to four and/or in the fourth week of life.
  • Precise recording of the piglet's day of life is crucial due to potential deviations, especially in the first week.
  • Implementing these findings can enhance herd analyses and SINS studies, ultimately improving piglet health and welfare.