The impact of individual health on relative poverty: evidence from China
Ying Liu1, Gongjing Gao2, Yating Sun2
1School of Sociology and Political Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China.
Background:
Following China's historic achievement in eradicating absolute poverty, the focus of anti-poverty policies has shifted to alleviating relative poverty, with health status playing a pivotal role in sustainable poverty reduction.
Methods:
Based on the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS 2021), we employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationship between individual health and relative poverty.
Results:
The analyses showed a significant negative correlation between individual health and relative poverty. This effect occurs in two ways: by increasing employment participation and by reducing the burden of health care expenditures. It is worth noting that health-induced income loss has a greater impact on relative poverty than direct medical costs.
Conclusion:
These findings demonstrate that health plays a dual role in poverty governance: enhancing human capital while mitigating economic risks. This provides empirical evidence for alleviating relative poverty and advancing common prosperity through improving individual health outcomes.
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