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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Insect-associated bacterial communities across an anthropogenic landscape.

Elina Hanhimäki1, Susanna Linna2, Camila Souza Beraldo1

  • 1Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

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|August 28, 2025
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Summary

Habitat degradation impacts insect-associated microbes, but local environmental factors, not degradation level, primarily shape these bacterial communities in the Glanville fritillary butterfly and Mecinus pascuorum weevil.

Keywords:
agricultural landscapeinsectsland-usemicrobiotaresilience

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbiology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Anthropogenic land-use change drives global biodiversity loss.
  • Microbial communities are vital for host fitness and adaptation.
  • The impact of habitat degradation on host-associated microbes is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how habitat degradation affects bacterial communities in two wild insect species.
  • To test if habitat characteristics influence host-associated microbial composition.
  • To understand the role of microbial communities in insect responses to environmental change.

Main Methods:

  • Sampling of Glanville fritillary butterfly and Mecinus pascuorum weevil from diverse habitats (meadows, pastures, roadsides) in Finland.
  • Analysis of bacterial communities associated with each insect species.
  • Statistical analysis to determine the influence of habitat characteristics (area, location, degradation) on microbial composition.

Main Results:

  • Insect-associated microbial communities differed between the butterfly (diverse, transient) and the weevil (resident symbionts).
  • Habitat patch characteristics (area, location) significantly influenced microbial composition, particularly in the weevil.
  • Contrary to predictions, habitat degradation level did not significantly alter overall microbial community composition in either species, despite a slight increase in bacterial diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Local environmental factors, rather than habitat degradation intensity, are key drivers of insect-associated microbial communities.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay between habitat, host, and associated microbes in fragmented landscapes.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the contribution of microbial shifts to biodiversity erosion.