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Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Children and Adolescents - Prevalence, Diagnostic Methods and Risk Factors

Marta Baszyńska-Wilk1, Monika Nowacka-Gotowiec2, Elżbieta Moszczyńska1

  • 1The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Warsaw, Poland

Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
|August 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is common, with varying prevalence. Early detection of modifiable risk factors is crucial for preventing significant DPN progression.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes.
  • Prevalence in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) varies significantly due to diagnostic methods.
  • Asymptomatic neuropathy is frequent in pediatric populations, necessitating early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence of DPN in children with T1D.
  • To identify key risk factors associated with DPN development in this population.
  • To explore modern, non-invasive diagnostic tools for early DPN detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on DPN in pediatric T1D.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methodologies including skin biopsy (IENFD) and nerve conduction studies (NCS).
  • Evaluation of emerging non-invasive screening tools for subclinical DPN.

Main Results:

  • DPN prevalence in pediatric T1D ranges widely (3-62%) based on methodology.
  • Small fiber neuropathy is assessed by IENFD; large fiber neuropathy by NCS.
  • Novel diagnostic tools offer improved screening for early and asymptomatic DPN.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of modifiable risk factors is essential for preventing clinically significant DPN.
  • Modern diagnostic approaches enhance the ability to screen for and detect DPN in children.
  • Further research into effective treatments for pediatric DPN is warranted.

Keywords:
Diabetes type 1childrendiabetic neuropathy

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