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Ultraviolet irradiation disrupts somatic pili structure and function.

F J Silverblatt

    Infection and Immunity
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ultraviolet light damages bacterial pili, affecting their structure and function. This study shows UV irradiation disrupts pili integrity and bacterial adherence to host cells.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Bacterial pili are crucial for adhesion and colonization.
    • The effects of ultraviolet (UV) light on bacterial pilus structure and function are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of ultraviolet irradiation on the structural integrity and function of bacterial pili.
    • To determine the direct effects of UV light on purified pili and piliated bacteria.

    Main Methods:

    • Exposure of three piliated bacterial species (Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhoeae) to UV light.
    • Quantitation of pilus integrity using negative-stain electron microscopy and nephelometry.
    • Analysis of pilus structure changes via sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
    • Assessment of bacterial adherence to human buccal epithelial cells.

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    Main Results:

    • UV irradiation caused progressive depilation in P. mirabilis, E. coli, and N. gonorrhoeae.
    • Purified pili showed loss of structural integrity and formation of smaller fragments upon UV exposure, indicating peptide chain cleavage.
    • UV irradiation inhibited the binding of piliated bacteria to epithelial cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Ultraviolet light directly damages bacterial pili, altering their ultrastructural integrity.
    • UV-induced pilus damage impairs bacterial adherence to host cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for UV-mediated bacterial inactivation.