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Acoustic Characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish Vowels Produced by Turkish Adult Females
Cigdem Onen1, Fatma Esen Aydınlı2, Yusuf Kemal Kemaloğlu3
1Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey, conen@aybu.edu.tr.
Introduction:
The acoustic characteristics of vowels are essential in phonology, acoustic phonetics, and various related fields. A few Turkish studies have presented data on vowels in females, but the number of subjects was limited. This study aimed to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish (CTT) vowels in healthy native Turkish adult females and construct the vowel quadrangle specifically for them.
Methods:
The research involved 51 female volunteers aged 18-45. The parameters of intensity (root mean square), fundamental frequency (F0), and the first through fifth formant frequencies (f1, f2, f3, f4, and f5) were calculated for the CTT vowels (). Each vowel's f1 and f2 values were plotted on a vowel chart as y and x values, respectively.
Results:
Intensity values ranged from 60.4 to 82 decibels. The lowest and highest mean F0 were obtained with the vowels and <ü>, respectively. The highest f1 was noted for , whereas the lowest f1 was found for . Additionally, had the highest f2, while had the lowest f2. The speech sound of
Conclusion:
This research provided the acoustic characteristics of CTT vowels and a standard CTT vowel template for female speakers with perceptually and acoustically healthy voices.
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