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Assessing the truth effect's reliability and test-retest stability.

Frank Calio1, Lena Nadarevic2, Jochen Musch1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repeating statements increases perceived validity, known as the truth effect. However, this study found the truth effect lacks test-retest stability, questioning its reliability for individual difference research.

Keywords:
Illusory truthIndividual differencesSplit-half reliabilityTest–retest stabilityTruth effectValidity rating

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Individual Differences Research

Background:

  • The truth effect describes how statement repetition enhances perceived validity.
  • Research on individual differences in the truth effect and its correlates is limited and inconsistent.
  • Reliable measurement of the truth effect at the individual level is crucial for identifying stable correlates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the split-half reliability and test-retest stability of the truth effect.
  • To assess the reliability of established measures for the truth effect in individual differences research.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted to measure the truth effect.
  • Experiment 1 utilized the between-items criterion.
  • Experiment 2 employed the within-items criterion.

Main Results:

  • The truth effect demonstrated very low test-retest stability in both experiments.
  • The low stability is likely attributable to insufficient reliability of the measures used.
  • Established indices and standard measures may not be suitable for personality and individual difference research.

Conclusions:

  • Current measures of the truth effect exhibit low test-retest stability.
  • This instability raises concerns about using these measures to study stable individual differences.
  • Further research is needed to develop reliable methods for assessing the truth effect in individual differences research.