Exploring bacteriophages to combat gut dysbiosis: A promising new frontier in microbiome therapy

Dysbiosis is the imbalance in the composition and function of the microbial community in the human body that leads to various multifactorial diseases, including autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. To address this problem, numerous research has demonstrated the potential of bacteriophages as therapeutic agents to regulate dysbiosis in the human body. Furthermore, phage-based products such as endolysins, proteins, and peptides have also been demonstrated to influence the regulation of dysbiosis. Elucidation of quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms and the development of phage-based therapies incorporating CRISPR-Cas systems have emerged as a promising strategy for the management of dysbiosis and other prevalent diseases. Collectively, phage-based therapeutics and their derivatives demonstrate significant potential for the modulation of dysbiotic states within the human host. Hence, an exploration of phage-mediated mechanisms and the potential of phage-derived molecules was conducted to elucidate their therapeutic efficacy in dysbiosis and inform future translational research.