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Parkinson disease (PD) without dementia shows heterogeneous cortical changes, with nearly half of regions negatively deviating. Thinner cortical thickness in PD may correlate with more severe gait freezing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Parkinson disease (PD) diagnosis without dementia presents inconsistent cortical alteration findings.
  • Understanding these alterations is crucial for early diagnosis and symptom management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cortical structural deviations in patients with PD without dementia.
  • To explore the relationship between cortical alterations and motor/non-motor symptoms in PD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized life span brain charts to derive individualized centile scores for brain structure in 225 PD patients.
  • Compared PD patient data with 451 healthy controls (HC) and performed correlation analysis between cortical thickness and symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half (44.11%) of cortical regions showed negative deviations in PD patients, with the inferior temporal cortex most affected.
  • Patients exhibited negative deviations in gray matter and positive deviations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume, with no significant white matter volume changes.
  • Cortical thickness correlated with gait freezing severity but not cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical changes in PD without dementia are heterogeneous, characterized by widespread negative deviations in gray matter.
  • Structural alterations include reduced gray matter, increased CSF volume, and preserved white matter volume.
  • Reduced cortical thickness is associated with more severe gait freezing in PD patients.