Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview01:25

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

2.1K
Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
2.1K
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

2.4K
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
2.4K
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

1.3K
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
1.3K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

1.4K
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
1.4K
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

1.5K
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
1.5K
Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

252
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
252

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Life-course stress exposure and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: The role of sex differences and educational protection.

Social science & medicine (1982)·2026
Same author

Psychedelics: Future Therapeutics in Major Depression?

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Perinatal Fluoxetine Exposure Has No Major Effect on Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein and Myelin Basic Protein Levels in Auditory Brain Regions.

Biology·2025
Same author

Effects of early-life stress on social functioning in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of mouse and rat studies.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2025
Same author

Perinatal fluoxetine exposure does not impair cognition in offspring.

Behavioural brain research·2025
Same author

Animal models of early-onset hearing loss: A systematic review of the effects on cognition, social behavior, vocalization, and neurobiological mechanisms.

Hearing research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C
07:13

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Published on: March 25, 2016

18.7K

Maternal SSRI Use During Pregnancy: Links Between Gut Microbiome, Offspring Behaviour, and Brain Transcriptomics.

Mayerli A Prado Rivera1, Joëlle D Jagersma1,2, Jocelien D A Olivier3

  • 1Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may impact fetal development. Rodent studies show developmental SSRI exposure can alter offspring brain development and social behaviors, possibly via gut-brain axis changes.

Keywords:
Brain developmentMaternal gut microbiomeMyelinationPregnancySelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSocial behavior

More Related Videos

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

3.1K
Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using PolyI:C to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring
09:09

Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using PolyI:C to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring

Published on: August 17, 2022

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C
07:13

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Published on: March 25, 2016

18.7K
Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

3.1K
Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using PolyI:C to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring
09:09

Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using PolyI:C to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring

Published on: August 17, 2022

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used for maternal depression during pregnancy.
  • Concerns exist regarding the independent effects of perinatal SSRI exposure on fetal neurodevelopment, beyond maternal illness.
  • Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests potential independent influences on neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review rodent studies examining the effects of developmental SSRI exposure on offspring.
  • To investigate impacts on the gut microbiome, maternal behavior, myelination, and social behavior.
  • To explore potential mechanisms, including gut-brain axis and myelination alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing rodent studies on developmental SSRI exposure.
  • Analysis of reported effects on offspring gut microbiota, maternal behavior, brain myelination, and social interactions.
  • Examination of sex-specific behavioral outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Developmental SSRI exposure can alter brain development and the maternal gut microbiota.
  • Offspring exhibit reduced social play and altered social interactions, with males being more sensitive.
  • Maternal care is only modestly affected, while myelination and gut-brain axis mechanisms are implicated.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental SSRI exposure, independent of maternal illness, can disrupt offspring brain development and social behavior.
  • Potential mechanisms involve alterations in the gut-brain axis and changes in myelination.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term consequences and underlying pathways.