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Work extraction from coupled qubits in equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermal reservoirs
Maryam Hadipour1, Soroush Haseli2,3
1Faculty of Physics, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
Scientific Reports
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Quantum batteries with fermionic reservoirs show enhanced work extraction due to particle transport, unlike bosonic systems where temperature decreases performance. Optimizing reservoir properties is key for better quantum energy storage.
Area of Science:
- Quantum thermodynamics
- Quantum information science
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Quantum systems interacting with thermal environments are crucial for quantum technologies.
- Understanding work extraction from quantum systems is vital for developing quantum batteries.
- Reservoir statistics (bosonic vs. fermionic) significantly influence system dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the thermodynamic behavior and work extraction capabilities (ergotropy) of a two-qubit system coupled to bosonic and fermionic reservoirs.
- To analyze how different reservoir properties and non-equilibrium conditions affect steady-state and time-dependent ergotropy.
- To identify strategies for optimizing quantum battery performance through reservoir engineering.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a master equation approach to model the two-qubit quantum system.
- Analyzed both steady-state and time-dependent ergotropy.
- Investigated the influence of temperature, chemical potential, and coupling strength.
Main Results:
- Bosonic reservoirs lead to decreased ergotropy with increasing temperature due to thermal noise.
- Fermionic reservoirs show enhanced ergotropy under non-equilibrium conditions, influenced by particle transport.
- Ergotropy exhibits threshold-like sensitivity to chemical potential, defining distinct energy storage regimes.
- System approach to steady state depends on reservoir type and coupling strength.
Conclusions:
- Fermionic reservoirs offer a promising avenue for enhanced quantum battery performance compared to bosonic ones.
- Non-equilibrium conditions and tailored reservoir properties are crucial for optimizing work extraction.
- The study provides insights into designing efficient quantum energy storage devices by controlling environmental interactions.
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