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Downregulation of serum Foxc2 in dilated cardiomyopathy: association with disease severity and cardiac function

Yufu Cai1,2, Qionghui Huang2,3, Shaobin Zhi2,3

  • 1The Fourth Department of Cardiovasular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.

Future Science OA
|August 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Serum Foxc2 levels are significantly lower in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Lower Foxc2 indicates poorer cardiac function and predicts a reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure.
  • The role of Foxc2 in DCM pathogenesis is not well understood.
  • This study investigates Foxc2 as a potential biomarker in DCM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare serum Foxc2 levels between DCM and non-DCM patients.
  • To assess the correlation of Foxc2 with cardiac function and biomarkers.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of Foxc2 in DCM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 92 patients (53 DCM, 39 non-DCM).
  • Serum Foxc2 measured by ELISA.
  • Correlations with echocardiographic parameters, BNP, cTnI; ROC and Kaplan-Meier analyses performed.

Main Results:

  • Serum Foxc2 levels were significantly lower in DCM patients (35.33 vs. 77.51 μg/mL).
  • Foxc2 correlated positively with LVEF/LVFS and negatively with LVEDd/BNP/cTnI.
  • High diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.862); lower Foxc2 predicted increased 2-year MACE risk.

Conclusions:

  • Foxc2 shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for DCM.
  • Foxc2 may serve as a prognostic indicator for adverse cardiovascular events.
  • Further research into Foxc2's mechanistic role in DCM is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dilated cardiomyopathyThe forkhead box transcription factor C2biomarkercardiologydiagnostics

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