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Developing Biocompatible Chitosan-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles with Anticancer and Antimicrobial Properties: A
Siva Sankar Sana1, Rimi Mukherjee2, Tae Hwan Oh1
1School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|August 29, 2025
Summary
Eco-friendly gold nanoparticles synthesized using Perilla frutescens extract show dual anticancer and antimicrobial effects. These chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Cs@AuNPs) offer a promising, biocompatible nanoplatform for therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology and Materials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Chemistry
Background:
- Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely explored for biomedical applications.
- Chitosan offers biocompatibility and mucoadhesive properties, enhancing nanoparticle delivery.
- Plant extracts provide a sustainable and eco-friendly source for nanoparticle synthesis and stabilization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an environmentally friendly synthesis of chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Cs@AuNPs) using Perilla frutescens leaf extract.
- To evaluate the anticancer and antimicrobial activities of the synthesized Cs@AuNPs.
- To investigate the underlying mechanisms of action using computational and experimental methods.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of Cs@AuNPs using Perilla frutescens leaf extract.
- Characterization using UV-vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and ζ-potential.
- In vitro anticancer assays against MCF-7 cells and normal MCF-10A cells.
- Antimicrobial assays against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
- Computational studies including molecular docking, molecular dynamics, MM/GBSA, DFT, and ADMET profiling.
Main Results:
- Cs@AuNPs exhibited spherical morphology (5-30 nm) with face-centered cubic crystallinity and positive surface charge.
- Selective anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells (IC50 ~100 μg/mL) via ROS-mediated apoptosis.
- Potent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus (inhibition zones up to 15 mm).
- Computational analysis revealed strong binding affinities to target proteins and predicted favorable safety profiles.
Conclusions:
- Perilla frutescens-mediated synthesis provides a sustainable route to biocompatible Cs@AuNPs.
- Cs@AuNPs demonstrate significant dual anticancer and antimicrobial potential.
- Integrated experimental and computational approaches validate Cs@AuNPs as a promising nanoplatform for therapeutic interventions.
