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Testing for Meldonium, a Doping Agent, in Human Hair.

Pascal Kintz1,2, Jean-Claude Alvarez3, Laurie Gheddar2

  • 1X-Pertise Consulting, Mittelhausbergen, France.

Drug Testing and Analysis
|August 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Meldonium, a performance-enhancing drug banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, can now be detected in hair. This study developed a method to identify meldonium in hair samples, aiding in anti-doping investigations.

Keywords:
Mildronatecontaminationdopinghairmeldonium

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Meldonium is used for cardiovascular conditions but is abused by athletes for performance enhancement.
  • The World Anti-Doping Agency has prohibited meldonium since 2016 due to its metabolic modulating properties.
  • Detecting meldonium in hair is crucial for anti-doping efforts, despite challenges in its incorporation into hair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for detecting meldonium in human hair.
  • To establish a reliable analytical technique for identifying meldonium exposure in athletes.
  • To provide evidence for meldonium incorporation into hair for doping control.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of meldonium from hair samples using methanol incubation and ultrasound-assisted bath.
  • Separation and detection of meldonium using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
  • Validation of the analytical method for linearity (0.5–100 pg/mg, R² = 0.9943) and limit of detection (0.1 pg/mg).

Main Results:

  • The developed method successfully extracted and detected meldonium in hair samples.
  • Meldonium was identified in the proximal hair segments (0–1 cm) of three consumers.
  • Concentrations detected were 0.7, 6.1, and 17 pg/mg, confirming hair incorporation.

Conclusions:

  • This study demonstrates the successful incorporation of meldonium into human hair.
  • The validated LC-MS/MS method provides a tool for detecting meldonium abuse in athletes.
  • Hair analysis offers a valuable approach for documenting long-term meldonium exposure in doping control.