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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal Composite Solid Electrolytes with Efficient Interfacial Lithium-Ion Percolation for

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Researchers developed a novel composite electrolyte for solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). This new material enhances ionic conductivity and stability, paving the way for safer and more efficient battery technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Conventional solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) in solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) suffer from low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability.
  • These limitations hinder the practical application of high-energy-density SSLMBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced ternary composite electrolyte (TCE) for SSLMBs.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional SSEs by enhancing ionic conductivity and interfacial stability.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of an organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC), P12TFSI, and LiTFSI salt into a lithiophilic poly(ethylene oxide) polymer matrix.
  • Synergistic coordination and defect engineering to create a low-tortuosity ion-transfer pathway.
  • Fabrication and testing of Li||Li symmetric cells and Li||LiFePO4 SSLMBs.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high ionic conductivity of 6.3 × 10^-4 S cm^-1 at 30 °C.
  • Demonstrated remarkable stability in Li||Li symmetric cells, cycling for 250 hours without short-circuiting.
  • SSLMBs exhibited a reversible capacity of 145 mAh g^-1 with 91% retention over 200 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TCE offers a viable strategy for high-performance OIPC-based SSEs.
  • The novel electrolyte shows significant potential for practical SSLMB applications due to improved performance and stability.