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Related Concept Videos

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
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Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
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Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
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Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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Modeling Paracrine Noncanonical Wnt Signaling In Vitro
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Wnt signaling - using the bloodstream to send a message.

Michal Caspi1, Yan Lender1, Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld2

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Grey Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|August 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Wnt signaling, crucial for development and homeostasis, is now understood to function exocrinally. This pathway impacts circulating blood cells via secreted Wnt ligands traveling through the bloodstream.

Keywords:
Blood cellsCirculationWnt signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Wnt signaling pathways regulate critical cellular processes like growth, motility, polarity, and differentiation.
  • These pathways are essential for embryonic development, stem cell regeneration, and adult homeostasis.
  • Traditionally studied in anchored cells, Wnt signaling's role in circulation is a recent area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the exocrine functions of Wnt signaling.
  • To identify the sources and circulatory dynamics of Wnt ligands.
  • To explore the expression of Wnt signaling components in blood cells and their physiological roles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Wnt signaling in circulation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating Wnt ligand sources and transport.
  • Examination of research on Wnt component expression in hematopoietic cells.

Main Results:

  • Wnt ligands are secreted glycoproteins that initiate signaling cascades.
  • Evidence indicates Wnt cascades are functional within the bloodstream, affecting circulating cells.
  • Wnt signaling components are expressed in various blood cell populations.

Conclusions:

  • Wnt signaling exhibits exocrine properties, impacting circulating blood cells.
  • The pathway plays significant physiological roles in different blood cell types.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate Wnt's exocrine functions in hematopoiesis and immunity.