Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 9, 2025

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
Published on: June 30, 2014
Developing an EQ-5D-5L Value Set for Singapore
Nan Luo1, Annushiah Vasan Thakumar2, Ling Jie Cheng3,4,5
1Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. ephln@nus.edu.sg.
Objectives:
The EQ-5D-5L is a multi-attribute utility instrument recommended by many health technology assessment agencies. This study aimed to develop an EQ-5D-5L value set for Singapore.
Methods:
A 'lite' version of the EuroQol Research Foundation's EQ-5D-5L valuation protocol, which was designed to value a total of 91 health states using a composite time trade-off (cTTO) method, was followed. Five hundred members of the general public in Singapore were quota-sampled and invited to a personal interview face-to-face or via Zoom. All participants completed 20 cTTO tasks administered using the EuroQol Valuation Technology (EQ-VT) program. Cross-validation analysis was performed to identify the best-performing model for estimating the values of all the 3,125 EQ-5D-5L health states.
Results:
A 20-parameter main-effects model with two two-way interaction terms outperformed other models in the cross-validation analysis. The value set estimated using this model ranges from - 0.851 (for state 55555) to 1.000 (for state 11111), with pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions associated with the greatest disutility.
Conclusions:
We developed an EQ-5D-5L value set based on the health preferences of Singaporeans. We recommend EQ-5D-5L users in Singapore to use this value set and encourage a more systematic and dedicated methodological effort to understand interaction effects and potential non-linearities in the valuation of multi-attribute health descriptive systems.
Related Concept Videos
Secondary Healthcare System
Integrated Healthcare System
Dimensions of Health and Illness
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Tertiary Healthcare System
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:

