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$Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening$

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Teleconsultation: Ophthalmology reaching every nook and corner.

Ankeeta A Thali¹, Jagadeesh K Reddy¹, Vandhana Sundaram¹

¹Cornea and Refractive Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

|August 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Teleophthalmology services, utilizing vision centres (VCs), significantly improve rural eye care access in India. These VCs provide essential services and reduce the strain on specialized medical facilities.

Keywords:

Cataract tele-ophthalmology teleconsultation telemedicine

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Health Informatics
Public Health

Background:

India faces significant challenges in providing adequate eye care to its vast rural population due to a low doctor-to-patient ratio.
Access to quality eye care services in remote areas is limited, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment of visual impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact and effectiveness of teleconsultation services, specifically vision centres (VCs), in delivering eye care to rural Indian communities.
To assess the range of services provided and patient outcomes through teleophthalmology.

Main Methods:

A retrospective analysis of data from 41 vision centres (VCs) across 9 Indian states, covering 18 months (April 2022 - September 2023).
VCs are equipped with diagnostic tools (slit lamp, fundus photography) and staffed by trained optometrists, facilitating remote consultations with ophthalmologists via apps.
Data included patient examinations, diagnoses, treatments, and referrals for a total of 1,91,194 patients.

Main Results:

A total of 1,91,194 patients were examined, with 16.13% receiving spectacles, 30.03% treated with medication and follow-up at VCs, and 12.35% undergoing cataract surgery.
25.44% of patients were referred to base hospitals for complex conditions, indicating the system's ability to triage effectively.
Teleconsultation successfully extended eye care services to a large, underserved rural population.

Conclusions:

Teleophthalmology, implemented through vision centres, is a highly effective strategy for bridging the healthcare gap in rural India.
This model provides accessible and affordable eye care, significantly reducing the burden on tertiary eye care facilities.
The study highlights the potential of teleophthalmology to enhance eye health outcomes in resource-limited settings.