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Ankle-Foot Musculoskeletal Pathologies and Age-Related Arthro-Kinematic Changes: a Case-Control Study
Sundip Hemant Charmode1, Abhishek Kumar Mishra2, Simmi Mehra1
1Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
Maedica
|August 29, 2025
Summary
Aging reduces ankle and foot mobility, with middle-aged individuals and females most affected. This study examines age and gender impacts on ankle joint-foot complex biomechanics in India.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Aging significantly impacts foot and ankle joint health, affecting stride and range of motion.
- Musculoskeletal disorders of the foot and ankle are common.
- Limited research exists on ankle arthrokinematics in the Indian population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the arthrokinematics of the ankle joint-foot complex in the Indian population.
- To investigate the effects of age and gender on ankle-foot complex biomechanics.
- To compare these parameters in healthy individuals versus those with foot and ankle pain.
Main Methods:
- Observational cross-sectional study of 158 patients from an orthopaedic outpatient department.
- Inclusion of both patients with foot and ankle pain (cases) and pain-free individuals (controls).
- Assessment of anthropometric and biomechanical parameters, considering age and gender.
Main Results:
- The middle age group (25-64 years) showed the highest susceptibility to ankle joint-foot complex diseases (92.4%).
- Ankle range of motion (dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, eversion) decreased with advancing age in both healthy and affected feet.
- Female patients exhibited a higher prevalence of ankle and foot diseases compared to males.
Conclusions:
- Advancing age leads to a significant decrease in ankle and foot range of motion.
- Factors contributing to reduced mobility include muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and decreased connective tissue flexibility.
- Age and gender are critical factors influencing the health and biomechanics of the ankle joint-foot complex.
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