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Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...

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Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

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Review on Electrospray Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Exploring Applications.

Pratikshkumar R Patel¹, Dieter Haemmerich^1,2

¹Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC.

Polymers for Advanced Technologies

|August 29, 2025

Summary

Electrospraying technology enables the creation of nanoparticles for advanced pharmaceutical drug delivery. These electrospray nanoparticles improve drug stability, targeting, and efficacy across various therapeutic applications.

Keywords:

Drug delivery biomedical application electrohydrodynamic atomization electrospraying nanoparticle

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Science
Biotechnology
Materials Science

Background:

Electrospraying is a cost-effective, reproducible, and scalable technique with significant pharmaceutical potential.
Nanoparticle production via electrospraying offers advantages like small size, drug encapsulation, and biocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the drug delivery applications of electrospraying and electrospray nanoparticles.
To explore the principles, methods, and parameters of electrospraying for pharmaceutical formulation.
To address challenges and highlight the potential of electrospray nanoparticle technology in biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on electrospraying techniques and their application in drug delivery.
Analysis of nanoparticle properties generated by electrospraying.
Synthesis of findings regarding the efficacy of electrospray nanoparticles in various drug delivery routes and therapeutic areas.

Main Results:

Electrospray nanoparticles enhance drug stability, protection, and permeability for oral and topical delivery.
These nanoparticles facilitate targeted drug delivery, improving bioavailability and efficacy, with applications in cancer and neurological disorders.
Electrospray nanoparticles can be functionalized for controlled release and combination therapy.

Conclusions:

Electrospray nanoparticle technology presents a versatile platform for advanced drug delivery and therapeutic interventions.
The technique offers solutions for formulating poorly soluble drugs and overcoming limitations of conventional delivery methods.
Further research into electrospraying principles and parameters can optimize its use in the pharmaceutical industry.