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Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Activity of Pastinaca sativa L. Essential Oils Against Two Storage Insects.

Yuan Zhang¹, Yong-Qing Gu^1,2, Yi-Hao Li¹

¹Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Chemistry & Biodiversity

|August 29, 2025

Summary

Essential oils from Pastinaca sativa L. show potent insecticidal and repellent properties against stored-product insects Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. Root-derived oils were more effective, offering a promising eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides.

Keywords:

Pastinaca sativa L.contact toxicity essential oils repellent effect stored–product insects

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Entomology
Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

Stored-product insects like Tribolium castaneum (TC) and Lasioderma serricorne (LS) cause significant economic losses.
Synthetic insecticides pose environmental and health risks, necessitating the search for safer alternatives.
Pastinaca sativa L. (parsley) is a medicinal plant with potential biopesticidal applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the insecticidal and repellent activities of essential oils (EOs) from Pastinaca sativa L. against TC and LS.
To identify the chemical composition of the EOs and correlate it with their bioactivity.
To evaluate the potential of P. sativa EOs as an eco-friendly insecticide.

Main Methods:

EOs were extracted from aerial parts (A1) and roots (R1-R3) of P. sativa using hydrodistillation.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the chemical constituents of the EOs.
Contact toxicity (LD50) and repellent activity assays were performed against adult TC and LS.

Main Results:

The dominant compounds identified were 3-carene, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, E,E-, and myristicin.
Four P. sativa EOs exhibited significant contact toxicity and repellent activity against both insect species.
Root-derived EOs (R1-R3) showed higher efficacy than aerial part EO (A1), with LD50 values of 8.25 µL/adult for R1 against TC and 14.31 µL/adult for R3 against LS.
Repellent effects were comparable to DEET at high concentrations, with stronger activity against TC than LS.

Conclusions:

Pastinaca sativa L. essential oils possess significant insecticidal and repellent properties against key stored-product insects.
Root-derived EOs are more potent, offering a viable source for developing novel biopesticides.
These findings support the use of P. sativa EOs as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides.