A novel bisphenol A alternative, DD-70, may negatively affect haemostasis through cyclooxygenase 1 inhibition

Bisphenols, frequently used in the plastics industry, have been recognized as environmental pollutants. Bans on bisphenol A use led to the replacement by alternatives. There are, however, almost no data on their biological effects in humans. This study has focused on the potential negative impact of four alternatives to bisphenol A on haemostasis and erythrocytes. Acute toxicity was assessed using rat and human erythrocytes, followed by a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The impact on platelet aggregation was initially screened in whole human blood, followed by a thorough investigation of the mechanism of action at different levels. Haemocoagulation was also assessed. The erythrocyte toxicity of all tested compounds was relatively low, with TC₅₀s above 500 μM in all cases. None of the compounds augmented platelet aggregation, but DD-70 was a potent antiplatelet compound with an IC₅₀ of 5.0 ± 2.7 µM in arachidonic acid-triggered platelet aggregation. DD-70 also blocked other aggregation pathways, and its mechanism was primarily based on the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 1. Only high concentrations of the tested bisphenol A alternatives (≥100 µM) influenced blood coagulation. Based on these results, DD-70 may affect platelet aggregation and have clinical consequences due to its low IC₅₀, however, this hypothesis requires a human exposure study to be confirmed. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS: Due to the enormous amounts of bisphenols used in the chemical industry, they represent important environmental pollutants. Their accumulation both in the environment and the human body has a negative influence on nature and the health of the population. While the most infamous representative, bisphenol A, is being banned in developed countries, the lack of knowledge on the biological effects of its substitutes poses a grave danger. Our study shows that one of these alternatives may, in fact, negatively impact the haemostasis of both humans and animals, which may have negative implications, in particular for occupational healthcare and food production.