Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 9, 2025
Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
Published on: January 30, 2020
Mouth-to-mouth, pocket mask, or i-gel® resuscitation on a moving rescue boat: How do different ventilation methods
Eloy Carracedo-Rodríguez1, Jonathon Webber2, María Fernández-Méndez3
1Universidade de Vigo, REMOSS research group, Pontevedra, Spain; Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Ciencias da Educación e do Deporte, Pontevedra, Spain.
Background:
The use of Inflatable Rescue Boats (IRBs) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in aquatic environments presents unique challenges due to their inherent instability and technical limitations. Despite the critical role of effective ventilation in cardiac arrest, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding optimal strategies to achieve this on IRBs.
Aim:
To compare the effectiveness of three ventilation methods-Mouth-to-Mouth (MM), Pocket Mask (PM), and i-gel® supraglottic airway device (IG)-in initiating CPR on a moving IRB.
Methods:
A randomized crossover pilot study was conducted with 16 trained lifeguards. Each participant performed CPR using the three ventilation methods on a resuscitation manikin with the IRB under power (cruising) at 20 knots. The study measured the time to initiate CPR and resuscitation skills, including ventilations and chest compressions.
Results:
The MM method resulted in the shortest time to initiate CPR, with a median of 4 s, compared to PM and IG, which had medians of 8 and 14 s, respectively. IG was significantly later in initiating ventilation compared to MM (p < 0.001) and IG (p = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in the number of effective ventilations or average ventilation volume among the methods (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
Simple strategies such as MM or PM provide ventilations that are just as effective as those using IG in manikins and allow for faster initiation of CPR while under power in an IRB.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management
01:21Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult
01:30Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
01:26Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
01:30Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
01:20Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation: