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Congenital bronchial atresia: a case report
Kostadin Ketev1, Ivanka Karavelikova1, Daniela Milanova-Ilieva2
1Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Medica
|August 30, 2025
Summary
Congenital bronchial atresia, a rare condition, can cause recurrent lung infections in children. Early diagnosis through imaging is crucial for effective treatment and improved respiratory health.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Medical Imaging
- Congenital Abnormalities
Background:
- Congenital bronchial atresia is a rare developmental anomaly of the airways.
- Recurrent pulmonary infections and persistent chest pain are common symptoms in affected children.
- Standard antibiotic treatments may be ineffective for underlying congenital causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges of congenital bronchial atresia.
- To emphasize the importance of considering congenital abnormalities in pediatric respiratory cases.
- To underscore the need for early recognition and intervention.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a 12-year-old boy with persistent respiratory symptoms.
- Review of clinical course and diagnostic imaging, including computed tomography (CT).
- Evaluation of treatment response to broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Main Results:
- Computed tomography confirmed bronchial atresia as the underlying cause.
- Symptoms persisted despite a month of antibiotic therapy, indicating a non-infectious etiology.
- The case illustrates the limitations of conventional treatment for congenital airway anomalies.
Conclusions:
- Congenital bronchial atresia requires consideration in pediatric patients with refractory pulmonary symptoms.
- Early identification through imaging is key to timely therapeutic interventions.
- Prompt management can prevent complications and enhance long-term respiratory outcomes.
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