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Rabbit Skull Shape: Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis
İsmail Demircioğlu1, Yasin Demiraslan2, Ali Koçyiğit3
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye.
Veterinary Medicine and Science
|August 30, 2025
Summary
This study analyzed rabbit skulls using 3D geometric morphometrics, finding significant sex-based shape differences. These findings suggest 3D morphometry can aid in rabbit sex determination.
Area of Science:
- Comparative anatomy
- Morphometrics
- Zoology
Background:
- Understanding cranial morphology is crucial in zoology and comparative anatomy.
- Sex-based differences in skeletal structures can provide insights into evolutionary and developmental processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the three-dimensional (3D) cranial shape of New Zealand rabbits.
- To determine the influence of sex on rabbit cranial shape variations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 3D surface scanning to create rabbit cranium models.
- Applied geometric morphometrics, including Procrustes superimposition and principal component analysis (PCA).
- Performed Procrustes ANOVA and discriminant function analysis to assess size and shape dimorphism.
Main Results:
- Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant shape variations, primarily in the temporal region, medial eye angle, and incisive bone.
- Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in cranial shape between male and female rabbits.
- No significant differences in cranial size were detected between the sexes.
Conclusions:
- Gender significantly influences cranial shape in New Zealand rabbits.
- 3D geometric morphometry is a viable method for distinguishing sex in rabbit craniums.
- This technique has potential applications in forensic science and wildlife management.
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