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Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry UPLC-HRMS
Published on: May 20, 2013
Untargeted Metabolic Profiling of Cat Urine and Plasma in Hypertension
Jim Scott-Baumann1, Alice H Watson2, Luis Mur1
1Aberystwyth University, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Aberystwyth School of Veterinary Sciences, Aberystwyth, Wales, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Insights
This study used untargeted metabolomics to find new biomarkers for feline hypertension. Altered metabolites in hypertensive cats show similarities to those found in other species, aiding in understanding the disease.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Metabolomics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Early diagnosis of feline hypertension is challenging due to lack of routine screening and potential for white coat artifact.
- Identifying novel biomarkers through metabolomic analysis can improve understanding of hypertension pathogenesis in cats.
- Less sensitive diagnostic tests for short-term blood pressure changes are needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify biochemical differences in cat plasma and urine using untargeted metabolomics.
- To compare normotensive controls (NT) with pre-treatment hypertensive cats (HTpre) and treated hypertensive cats (HTtx).
Main Methods:
- Utilized biobanked plasma and urine samples from client-owned cats aged over 9 years.
- Employed flow infusion electrospray-high-resolution mass spectrometry for sample profiling.
- Analyzed data using univariate and multivariate statistical methods via MetaboAnalyst, with metabolite identification using MZedDb.
Main Results:
- Significant biochemical differences were detected between normotensive, pre-treatment hypertensive, and treated hypertensive cats.
- Urine metabolite changes in pre-treatment hypertensive cats were associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative stress, steroid hormones, taurine metabolism, and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate.
- Identified specific metabolic pathways and compounds altered in feline hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic alterations observed in hypertensive cats share similarities with those found in other species.
- These findings contribute to the understanding of feline hypertension's biochemical underpinnings.
- Suggests potential for metabolomics in developing new diagnostic approaches for feline hypertension.
Background:
Early diagnosis of hypertension remains an important problem in cats. Lack of routine blood pressure screening in primary care practice, and the possibility of white coat artifact mean the discovery of a new diagnostic test, if less sensitive to short-term changes in blood pressure associated with veterinary care, would be useful. Identification of metabolomic changes in hypertensive cats could advance understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension in cats, as well as identify novel biomarkers.
Objectives:
Use untargeted metabolomics to identify biochemical changes in cat plasma and urine between normotensive controls (NT) and hypertensive cats before treatment (HTpre); HTpre and hypertensive cats treated with amlodipine (HTtx).
Animals:
Biobanked surplus plasma and urine samples were selected from client-owned cats (> 9 years old) that were NT (urine n = 17, plasma n = 19), HTpre (urine n = 13, plasma n = 19), or HTtx (urine n = 12, plasma n = 19).
Methods:
Samples were profiled using flow infusion electrospray-high-resolution mass spectrometry, and differences assessed using univariate (paired or two sample t-tests) and multivariate (partial least squares discriminant analysis) methods using the R-based MetaboAnalyst platform. Tentative identifications of metabolites then were made using the MZedDb database.
Results:
Significant (false discovery adjusted < 0.01) biochemical differences were observed between each of the sample groups. Biochemical changes in urine between HTpre and NT animals were linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative stress, steroid hormones, taurine metabolism, and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate.
Conclusions:
Metabolites altered in hypertensive cats were similar to those observed in other species.
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