Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stress Response System01:21

Stress Response System

198
The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
198
Physiological Foundation of Stress01:24

Physiological Foundation of Stress

157
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
157
Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

98
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
98
Coping Strategies: Problem Focused01:27

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

141
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
141
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

61.6K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
61.6K
Osmoregulation in Insects01:47

Osmoregulation in Insects

16.7K
Malpighian tubules are specialized structures found in the digestive systems of many arthropods, including most insects, that handle excretion and osmoregulation. The tubules are typically arranged in pairs and have a convoluted structure that increases their surface area.
16.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

When a bigger brain is better: The case of bee olfactory learning.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Adult brain neurogenesis does not account for behavioral differences between solitary and social bees.

Journal of insect physiology·2024
Same author

Memory consolidation in honey bees is enhanced by down-regulation of <i>Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule</i> and changes its alternative splicing.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience·2024
Same author

Environmental exposure to metallic pollution impairs honey bee brain development and cognition.

Journal of hazardous materials·2023
Same author

Natural variability in bee brain size and symmetry revealed by micro-CT imaging and deep learning.

PLoS computational biology·2023
Same author

Reduction of stress responses in honey bees by synthetic ligands targeting an allatostatin receptor.

Scientific reports·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Visual Classical Conditioning in Wood Ants
05:46

Visual Classical Conditioning in Wood Ants

Published on: October 5, 2018

8.4K

Learning under stress: how the insect brain copes.

Jean-Marc Devaud1

  • 1CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31062, France; Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31062, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75005, France.

Current Opinion in Insect Science
|August 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect hormones and neuropeptides mediate how stress impacts learning and memory. Further research is needed across diverse species and stressors to understand these complex neurobiological responses.

More Related Videos

Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning, a Robust Rodent Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
05:49

Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning, a Robust Rodent Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Published on: October 13, 2018

12.2K
Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning
09:48

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Published on: August 7, 2014

28.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Visual Classical Conditioning in Wood Ants
05:46

Visual Classical Conditioning in Wood Ants

Published on: October 5, 2018

8.4K
Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning, a Robust Rodent Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
05:49

Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning, a Robust Rodent Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Published on: October 13, 2018

12.2K
Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning
09:48

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Published on: August 7, 2014

28.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroethology
  • Insect neurobiology
  • Behavioral ecology

Background:

  • Insects utilize learning and memory for behavioral adaptation.
  • Stressors can impair insect learning and memory capabilities.
  • Hormones and neuropeptides are key physiological stress response mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how insect hormones and neuropeptides modulate learning and memory under stress.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying stress-induced changes in insect cognition.
  • To highlight knowledge gaps in understanding stress impacts on insect behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on insect stress response and neurobiology.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on hormonal and neuropeptidergic signaling pathways.
  • Examination of research on learning and memory modulation in insects.

Main Results:

  • Hormones and neuropeptides play a role in coordinating neural activity during stress.
  • These signaling molecules can either impair or preserve learning and memory functions.
  • Current research is limited to fruit flies and honey bees, often examining single stressors.

Conclusions:

  • Insect stress responses involve complex hormonal and neuropeptidergic modulation of cognitive functions.
  • Comparative studies across multiple stressors and a wider range of insect species are crucial.
  • Understanding species-specific adaptations (e.g., solitary vs. social) is essential for a comprehensive view.