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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Longitudinal Medical Costs and Hospitalization Risk Associated With Sustained Obesity.

Lyudmyla Kompaniyets1, Kakoli Roy2, David Freedman1

  • 1Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.

American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sustained obesity significantly increases medical costs and hospitalization risk over time, with effects compounding annually. This highlights the critical need for public health initiatives promoting healthy lifestyles.

Keywords:
longitudinal obesity costmedical cost of obesityobesity durationsustained obesity

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Sustained obesity is a growing public health concern.
  • Understanding its long-term economic and health impacts is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the association between sustained obesity and medical expenditures.
  • To assess the longitudinal risk of hospitalization associated with sustained obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using linked electronic medical records and claims data.
  • Analysis of adults aged 17-64 with annual weight measurements over at least five years (2013-2020).
  • Generalized estimating equations to model changes in medical costs and hospitalization risk over eight years.

Main Results:

  • Obesity-associated excess medical expenditures increased from 20% in year 1 to 49% in year 8.
  • The relative risk of hospitalization for sustained obesity rose from 13% in year 1 to 159% in year 8.
  • Higher risks observed for severe obesity, females, and older adults (40-64 years).

Conclusions:

  • Sustained obesity has a compounding negative effect on healthcare costs and hospitalization rates.
  • Interventions promoting healthy lifestyles, including access to healthy food and physical activity, are essential.
  • Findings emphasize the long-term economic and health burden of obesity.