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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation

Cardiac auscultation is a clinical skill used to assess heart function and detect abnormalities. It involves listening to heart sounds at specific anatomical locations through a stethoscope.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

Refer to reverse Aslanger pattern vs. Littmann concept

Laszlo Littmann¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, United States.

Journal of Electrocardiology

|August 31, 2025

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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