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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

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Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
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Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management01:29

Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management

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Assessment: Nursing management of patients with cardiomyopathy begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's history, including a family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death, personal history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any alcohol consumption or drug use.During the physical examination, assess vital signs, look for signs of heart failure (such as edema, jugular venous distention, and cyanosis), auscultate for abnormal heart sounds (like murmurs and gallops),...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

A Method for Quantifying Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Using Accelerometers
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Accelerometry-defined physical activity and quality of life in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Stephan A C Schoonvelde1, Peter-Paul Zwetsloot2,3, Alexander Hirsch2,4

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands s.schoonvelde@erasmusmc.nl.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have lower physical activity levels than healthy individuals. Increased daily steps correlate with better quality of life, emphasizing personalized exercise guidance.

Keywords:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyObesity

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Assessment of Physical Activity Intensity with Accelerometers and Oxygen Consumption
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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity

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Assessment of Physical Activity Intensity with Accelerometers and Oxygen Consumption
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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients often limit physical activity due to sudden cardiac death concerns.
  • Objective data on physical activity in HCM, linked to clinical factors and quality of life (QoL), is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively assess physical activity patterns in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between physical activity, clinical phenotype, and quality of life (QoL) in HCM.

Main Methods:

  • 7-day accelerometry used to measure physical activity in 203 HCM patients and 37 genotype-positive, phenotype-negative (G+/P-) controls.
  • Assessed daily steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentariness.
  • QoL evaluated using Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and EuroQoL 5-domain 5-level (EQ-5D-5L).

Main Results:

  • HCM patients exhibited significantly lower daily steps, less MVPA, and higher sedentariness compared to controls (p<0.01).
  • Symptomatic, obstructive, and asymptomatic obstructive HCM patients showed the lowest activity; obesity and cardiac medications were also associated with reduced activity.
  • Higher daily step counts positively correlated with improved KCCQ and EQ-5D-5L scores (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity is objectively lower in HCM patients, especially those with symptoms, obstruction, or obesity.
  • Even small increases in daily steps are linked to better QoL, underscoring the importance of tailored exercise advice for HCM patients.