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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
Published on: June 10, 2025
Malnutrition assessed with phase angle and mortality risk in heart failure - a meta-analysis
Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz1, Grzegorz Kalisz2
1Department of Clinical Dietetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodzki 7, 20-093, Lublin, Poland; Department of Cardiology, Cardinal Wyszynski Hospital in Lublin, al. Krasnicka 100, 20-718, Lublin, Poland.
Aim:
Malnutrition is a recognized risk factor for unfavourable clinical outcomes and complications in cardiovascular patients. Nutritional status can be assessed with various methods and phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis is one of the most reliable parameters for that purpose. This meta-analysis was aimed to analyze the available data regarding malnutrition assessed with PhA and mortality in heart failure.
Data Synthesis:
Data from 7 studies (1070 patients), available in literature from 2012 to 2024 were included in the final analysis. RStudio and Zotero software were used to pool useful data and calculate statistics. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses, and evaluated publication bias were performed. The results indicate that malnutrition detected with decreased PhA is a predictor of mortality among patients with heart failure (HR = 2.10, p = 0.002). The optimal cut-off for increased mortality was PhA at 4.65°.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis revealed that PhA derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis is a parameter that could be used for mortality prediction in heart failure patients. This non-invasive measurement can help in identification of patients with worse prognosis, potentially improving patients' outcomes.
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