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Benchmarking the Physical Performance Qualities in Women's Football: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Across the

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Physical performance in women's football varies significantly by competition tier. Elite players excel in intermittent aerobic capacity, sprinting, and lower limb power, as shown by normative benchmarking data.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Performance Analysis
  • Women's Football

Background:

  • Limited organized data on physical performance across women's football tiers.
  • Need for systematic benchmarking for athlete profiling and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Establish meta-analytic estimates for key physical qualities in female footballers.
  • Investigate how participant tier (competition level) moderates physical performance.
  • Provide normative data for talent identification and training program design.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search (2003-2024) across four databases.
  • Inclusion of studies on female footballers (age ≥16) reporting physical performance data.
  • Categorization of participants into four tiers (Tier 2-5) based on competition level.
  • Meta-analysis using mixed-effects models to derive pooled estimates and confidence intervals.
  • Meta-regression to assess the moderating effect of participant tier.

Main Results:

  • 1855 estimates from 288 studies analyzed.
  • Significant improvements in Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (YYIRL1) and 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test velocity from Tier 2 to higher tiers.
  • Reduced sprint times (20m, 30m) and increased jump height (squat jump, countermovement jump) with higher participant tiers.
  • Participant tier significantly moderated performance across various physical qualities.

Conclusions:

  • Established normative benchmarks for women's football physical performance.
  • Sprinting ability, lower limb power, and intermittent aerobic capacity are key differentiators across performance tiers.
  • Field-based intermittent fitness tests effectively capture performance differences, aiding talent identification and training program design.