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Comprehensive Analysis of Bioactive Peptides From Spleen Amaranth (Amaranthus dubius) and Multi-Functional
Aditya B Magdum1, Kapil V Shinde2, Mahesh P Mane2
1Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
Journal of Food Science
|September 1, 2025
Summary
Amaranthus dubius seeds are a rich protein source with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Hydrolyzed seed proteins yield bioactive peptides with potential applications in food and pharmaceuticals.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Biochemistry
- Nutraceuticals
Background:
- Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) is a nutrient-dense plant, particularly rich in proteins.
- Seed proteins are increasingly recognized for their potential bioactivities.
- Understanding the functional properties of A. dubius seed proteins is crucial for exploring their applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protein content and bioactivities of Amaranthus dubius seeds.
- To characterize enzymatic protein hydrolysates derived from A. dubius seeds.
- To evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antibacterial properties of seed protein isolates and hydrolysates.
Main Methods:
- Protein content analysis of different plant parts (leaves, stems, seeds).
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of seed protein isolates using proteolytic enzymes (chymotrypsin, alcalase).
- Structural characterization (FTIR, DSC, SEM) and bioactivity assessment (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, Fe2+ chelation, membrane stabilization, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antibacterial assays) of hydrolysates.
Main Results:
- Amaranthus dubius seeds exhibited the highest protein concentration.
- Seed protein isolates demonstrated significant antioxidant and membrane stabilization activities.
- Enzymatically derived peptide fractions showed varying degrees of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antibacterial activities, with specific molecular weight ranges and enzymes yielding optimal results.
- For instance, <3 kDa alcalase hydrolysates showed potent anti-inflammatory effects, while 10-50 kDa chymotrypsin fractions exhibited peak antithrombotic activity.
Conclusions:
- Amaranthus dubius seed proteins and their hydrolysates possess diverse and significant bioactivities.
- These findings highlight the potential of A. dubius seed-derived peptides for use in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
- Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential and applications of these bioactive peptides.
