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Prevalence of refractive errors in Vietnamese school children: a meta-analysis
Hai-Yen Thi Nguyen1, Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad1, Matthew Cufflin1
1School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|September 1, 2025
Summary
Refractive errors, including myopia, are prevalent in Vietnamese children, affecting over 37%. This study highlights higher rates in urban areas and among females, informing targeted eye care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Vietnam faces increasing myopia progression, yet national refractive error prevalence remains unclear.
- Understanding refractive error distribution is crucial for public health initiatives in developing nations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the pooled prevalence of refractive errors in Vietnamese children.
- To investigate disparities in prevalence based on geographic location (urban vs. rural) and sex.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA guidelines up to April 2024.
- Quality assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool.
- Meta-analysis to determine pooled prevalence with sensitivity analyses for robustness.
Main Results:
- 15 studies (32,211 children) were identified; 6 (15,825 children) included in meta-analysis.
- Pooled prevalence: refractive error 37.60%, myopia 28.83%, hyperopia 0.41%.
- Higher prevalence observed in urban areas and among female children, with significant heterogeneity noted.
Conclusions:
- Significant prevalence of refractive errors, particularly myopia, exists in Vietnamese school children.
- Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and preventative eye care.
- Further research with standardized protocols is recommended for more precise prevalence estimates.
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